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Small Leaf Timothy (Phleum bertolonii)

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Small Leaf Timothy (Phleum bertolonii) is a perennial grass species that is mainly used in wildflower mixtures and conservation type grass seed mixtures. It is related the much larger Timothy (Phleum pratense) which is widely used as a forage grass in the UK. Small Leaf Timothy may also be known by the following names; Lesser Timothy, Small Timothy, Smaller Timothy, Lesser Cat’s Tail, Smaller Cat’s Tail.
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Smaller Leaf Timothy Appearance:

  • Height: Typically grows to a height of 10-50 cm.
  • Leaves: The leaves are narrower than those of common timothy, typically 2-5 mm wide, and can be up to 3-12 cm long. They are smooth and green, with a slight sheen.
  • Flowering Head: The flowering head is a cylindrical, dense spike, ranging from 1-6 cm in length and about 3-5mm in diameter.
  • Spikelets: The spikelets are tightly packed along the central stem, giving the spike a compact look. Each spikelet contains a single floret.

Small Leaf Timothy Habitat:

  • Soil Preference: Prefers well-drained, fertile soils with a neutral to slightly acidic pH. It can tolerate a range of soil conditions but thrives in loamy soils.
  • Light Requirement: Grows best in full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
  • Habitat: Commonly found in meadows, pastures, and hay fields.
  • Sowing Rate: 8kg per acre, 20kg per hectare
  • Bag Sizes: 10kg, 20kg
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FAQs
What is Small Leaf Timothy grass used for?

Small Leaf Timothy grass (Phleum bertolinii) is primarily used in environmanetal type grass seed mixtures and as a companion grass for wildflowers. It shares similar qualities with the more common Timothy grass (Phleum pratense) in terms of nutritional value and palatability for livestock such as horses, cattle, and sheep. However, Small Leaf Timothy is less productive in terms of yeild and is seldom used for this prupose.

How do you identify Small Leaf Timothy grass?

Small Leaf Timothy grass (Phleum bertolinii) can be identified by several key characteristics. It typically grows in dense tufts and reaches heights of about 30-90 cm (1-3 feet). The leaves are narrow, fine-textured, and smooth, with blades that may be slightly folded or flat. The leaf edges are finely serrated. The flowering stems appear in early to mid-summer and are cylindrical and dense, forming compact spike-like panicles that are 5-15 cm (2-6 inches) long. The spikelets are densely packed and alternate along the stem. Each spikelet contains several tiny flowers with feathery styles (stigmas) protruding from them, giving the flowering head a soft, brush-like appearance. Small Leaf Timothy grass is often found in meadows, pastures, and hayfields in cooler climates, and its characteristics closely resemble those of common Timothy grass (Phleum pratense), with which it is sometimes confused.

Where does Small Leaf Timothy grass grow?

Small Leaf Timothy grass (Phleum nodosum) typically grows in cooler temperate regions. It is native to Europe and has been naturalized in parts of North America, where it is cultivated for forage production. This grass thrives in well-drained, fertile soils and is commonly found in meadows, pastures, and hayfields. It prefers cooler climates and is often grown in regions with moderate temperatures and sufficient rainfall. Small Leaf Timothy grass is valued for its ability to produce high-quality forage suitable for grazing and haymaking, making it an important species in livestock agriculture in these regions.

Is Small Leaf Timothy called any other names?

Yes, Small Leaf Timothy grass (Phleum bertolinii) is also known by several other names, including: Lesser Timothy, Small Timothy, Smaller Timothy, Lesser Cat’s Tail, Smaller Cat’s Tail.

Where does Timothy grass get its name from?

The grass Timothy (Phleum pratense) gets its name from Timothy Hanson, an American farmer who promoted its cultivation in the early 18th century. According to the story, Timothy Hanson introduced the grass to farmers in New England, where it quickly gained popularity due to its suitability for hay production and feeding livestock. Over time, the grass became known simply as “Timothy” in honor of Timothy Hanson, the farmer who played a significant role in its promotion and adoption in agriculture.

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